The Department of Physics offers programs leading to the following degrees: Bachelor of Science (BS), Bachelor of Arts (BA), Master of Science (MS), and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). The department offers the following majors: Physics, Physics and Astrophysics, Interdisciplinary Physics with Biology/Pre-Medicine, Interdisciplinary Physics with Biophysics, Interdisciplinary Physics with Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Physics with Geology, Interdisciplinary Physics with Oceanography, and Interdisciplinary Physics with FSU-Teach. The departmental course offerings include courses for non-science majors, for non-physical-science majors, for K–12 educators, and for physical science majors. Honors work is available. Details may be obtained from the chair of the department.

All undergraduates at Florida State University must demonstrate basic computer skills competency prior to graduation. As necessary computer competency skills vary from discipline to discipline, each major determines the courses needed to satisfy this requirement. Undergraduate majors in physics and interdisciplinary physics satisfy this requirement by earning a grade of "C–" or higher in PHZ 4151C or CGS3406.

The State of Florida has identified common program prerequisites for this University degree program. Specific prerequisites are required for admission into the upper-division program and must be completed by the student at either a community college or a state university prior to being admitted to this program. Students may be admitted into the University without completing the prerequisites, but may not be admitted into the program.

At the time this document was published, some common program prerequisites were undergoing revision. Please visit http://facts23.facts.org/navigation/detail_ext/cpp_intro.do?pageId=060304 for a current list of state-approved prerequisites.

The following lists the common program prerequisites or their substitutions necessary for admission into this upper-division degree program:

Physics

1. CHM X045/X045L, or CHM X040 and CHM X041, or CHM X045C, or CHM X045E
2. CHM X046/1046L or CHM X046C or CHM X046E
3. MAC X311 or MAC X281
4. MAC X312 or MAC X282
5. MAC X313 or MAC X283
6. PHY X048/X048L or PHY X048C
7. PHY X049/X049L or PHY X049C

Interdisciplinary Physics Program

1. CHM X045/X045L or CHM X040 and CHM X041 or CHM X045C and CHM X045E
2. CHM X046/X046L or CHM X046C or CHM X046E
3. MAC X311
4. MAC X312
5. Choose between the CHM or PHY sequence:
   1. CHM X210/X210L and CHM X211/X211L or CHM X210C and CHM X211C
   2. Or
   3. PHY X048/X048L and PHY X049/X049L or PHY X048C and PHY X049C or PHY X053C and PHY X054C

Please review all college-wide degree requirements summarized in the "College of Arts and Sciences" chapter of this General Bulletin.

A brochure stating degree requirements in detail and containing outlines of undergraduate programs that will meet all departmental and University requirements is available from the departmental undergraduate affairs office and online at http://www.physics.fsu.edu. Students expecting to major in Physics, Physics and Astrophysics, or in one of the Interdisciplinary Physics programs should obtain this brochure as soon as possible.

The University oral competency communication requirement is satisfied by taking PHY 3091 Communications in Physics. The University computer competency requirement is satisfied by taking PHZ 4151C or CGS3406.

A Physics major is required to take:

1. The following core courses: Discovering Physics (PHY 1090), General Physics A (PHY 2048C), General Physics B (PHY 2049C), Communication in Physics (PHY 3091), Intermediate Modern Physics (PHY 3101), Mathematical Physics (PHZ 3113), Intermediate Mechanics (PHY 3221), Intermediate Laboratory (PHY 3802L), Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism (PHY 4323), Thermal and Statistical Physics (PHY 4513), Quantum Theory of Matter A (PHY 4604), and Advanced Laboratory (PHY 4822Lr).
2. At least four of the following courses: Introduction to Astrophysics (AST 4211), Optics (PHY 3424), Advanced Dynamics (PHY 4241), Quantum Theory of Matter B (PHY 4605), Phenomena in Condensed Matter Physics (PHZ 3400), Particle and Nuclear Physics (PHZ 4390), and General Relativity (PHZ 4601).
3. One of the following computational courses: Object Oriented Programming in C++ (CGS 3406) or Computational Physics Lab (PHZ 4151C) .
4. One of the following sets of chemistry courses: General Chemistry I/Laboratory (CHM 1045/1045L) or Honors General Chemistry I/Laboratory (CHM 1050/1050L).
5. The following mathematics classes: Calculus with Analytic Geometry I (MAC 2311), Calculus with Analytic Geometry II (MAC 2312), Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313), and Ordinary Differential Equations (MAP 2302) or Engineering Mathematics I (MAP 3305).

Students who are planning to conduct graduate work in physics are strongly advised to include Advanced Dynamics (PHY 4241) and Quantum Theory of Matter B (PHY 4605) in their programs.

An Honors Thesis or Senior Thesis (minimum of 6 credit hours) may be substituted for the Advanced Lab (PHY 4822Lr).

No physics, chemistry, computer science, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements. A student who has received more than five unsatisfactory grades (U, F, D–, D, D+) in courses required for a major offered by the Department of Physics at Florida State University or elsewhere, whether repeated or not, will not be permitted to graduate with a degree in that major.

In addition to satisfying the above requirements, the student must satisfy the general requirements of both the College of Arts and Sciences and the University.

A Physics and Astrophysics major is required to take:

1. The following core courses: Astronomy Laboratory (AST1022L) or Intermediate Laboratory A (PHY 3802L), Introduction to Astrophysics (AST 4211), Extragalactic Astronomy (AST 4419) or Observational Techniques in Astrophysics (AST 4722), Discovering Physics (PHY 1090), General Physics A (PHY 2048C), General Physics B (PHY 2049C), Communication in Physics (PHY 3091), Intermediate Modern Physics (PHY 3101), Intermediate Mechanics (PHY 3221), Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism (PHY 4323), Thermal and Statistical Physics (PHY 4513), Quantum Theory of Matter A (PHY 4604), and Mathematical Physics (PHZ 3113).
2. At least three of the following courses: The Physics of Stars (AST 4217), Cosmology and Structure Formation (AST 4414),Particle and Nuclear Physics (PHZ 4390), Special and General Relativity (PHZ 4601), and Nuclear Astrophysics (PHZ 5315).
3. One of the following computational courses: Object-Oriented Programming in C++ (CGS 3406) or Computational Physics Laboratory (PHZ 4151C).
4. One of the following sets of chemistry courses: General Chemistry I/Laboratory (CHM 1045/1045L) or Honors General Chemistry I/Laboratory (CHM 1050/1050L).
5. The following mathematics classes: Calculus with Analytic Geometry I (MAC 2311), Calculus with Analytic Geometry II (MAC 2312), Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313), and Ordinary Differential Equations (MAP 2302) or Engineering Mathematics I (MAP 3305).

Students who are planning to conduct graduate work in astrophysics are strongly advised to include Planetary Geology (GLY 1042), Advanced Dynamics (PHY 4241), and Quantum Theory of Matter B (PHY 4605) in their programs.

No physics, chemistry, computer science, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements. A student who has received more than five unsatisfactory grades (U, F, D–, D, D+) in courses required for a major offered by the Department of Physics at Florida State University or elsewhere, whether repeated or not, will not be permitted to graduate with a degree in that major.

In addition to satisfying the above requirements, the student must satisfy the general requirements of both the College of Arts and Sciences and the University.

Interdisciplinary Majors in Physics

The interdisciplinary program in physics is designed to prepare a student for work in areas that combine physics with other fields. The department offers interdisciplinary physics majors in Biology/Pre-Medicine, Biophysics, Computer Science, Geology, Oceanography, and FSU-Teach. The Oceanography program is the only undergraduate program in physical oceanography offered in the State University System.

All interdisciplinary physics majors required to take:

1. The following core courses: Discovering Physics (PHY 1090), General Physics A (PHY 2048C), General Physics B (PHY 2049C), Communication in Physics (PHY 3091), Intermediate Modern Physics (PHY 3101), Intermediate Mechanics (PHY 3221), and Intermediate Laboratory A (PHY 3802L).
2. At least two of the following courses: Introduction to Astrophysics (AST 4211), Optics (PHY 3424), Phenomena in Condensed Matter Physics (PHZ 3400), and Particle and Nuclear Physics (PHZ 4390).
3. One of the following computational courses: Object Oriented Programming in C++ (CGS 3406) or Computational Physics Lab (PHZ 4151C).
4. One of the following sets of chemistry courses: General Chemistry I/Laboratory (CHM 1045/1045L) or Honors General Chemistry I/Laboratory (CHM 1050/1050L).
5. The following mathematics courses: Calculus with Analytic Geometry I (MAC 2311), Calculus with Analytic Geometry II (MAC 2312), either Ordinary Differential Equations (MAP 2302) or Engineering Mathematics I (MAP 3305), and one additional upper-level mathematics course (to satisfy the required mathematics minor).

Students majoring in Interdisciplinary Physics with Biology/Pre-Medicine are also required to take: General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1046/1046L) or Honors General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1051/1051L), Organic Chemistry I (CHM 2210), Organic Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 2211/2211L), Human Biochemistry (BCH 4624), Biological Science I/Laboratory (BSC 2010/2010L), Biological Science II (BSC 2011) and Animal Diversity Laboratory (2011L), General Genetics (PCB 3063), Cell Structure and Function (PCB 3134), and General Psychology (PSY 2012).

No physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements.

Students majoring in Interdisciplinary Physics with Biophysics may add Mathematical Physics (PHZ 3113) to the list of courses in requirement 2 above. They are also required to take General Biochemistry I (BCH 4053), Biological Science I and lab (BSC 2010/2010L), Biological Science II (BSC 2011) and Animal Diversity Laboratory (BSC 2011L), General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1046/1046L) or Honors General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1050/1050L), Organic Chemistry I (CHM 2210), Organic Chemistry II (CHM 2211), Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313 – satisfies the mathematics minor requirement), and Cell Structure and Function (PCB 3134). No physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements.

Students majoring in Interdisciplinary Physics with Computer Science may add Mathematical Physics (PHZ 3113) to the list of courses in 2 above and must satisfy the computational-course requirement 3. (above) with Computational Physics Laboratory (PHZ 4151C). They are also required to take Computer Organization I (CDA 3100); Programming I (COP 3014); Object Oriented Programming (COP 3330); Object Oriented Design and Analysis (COP 3331); Introduction to Unix (COP 3353); Data Structures, Algorithms, and Generic Programming (COP 4530); Theory and Structure of Databases (COP 4710); Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313); and Discrete Mathematics I (MAD 2104). No physics, chemistry, computer science, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements.

Students majoring in Interdisciplinary Physics with Geology must take General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1046/1046L) or Honors General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1051/1051L), Physical Geology (GLY 2010C), Historical Geology/Laboratory (GLY 2100/2100L), Structural Geology (GLY 3400C), Principles of Geochemistry (GLY 4240), Introduction to Geophysics (GLY 4451), Principles of Hydrology (GLY 4820), Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313 – satisfies the mathematics minor requirement), Mathematical Physics (PHZ 3113), and Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism (PHY 4323). No physics, chemistry, computer science, geology, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements.

Students majoring in Interdisciplinary Physics with Oceanography may add Mathematical Physics (PHZ 3113) to the list of courses in requirement 2 above. They must also take General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1046/1046L) or Honors General Chemistry II/Laboratory (CHM 1051/1051L), Complex Variables (MAA 4402), Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313), Elementary Partial Differential Equations I (MAP 4341), Physical Climatology (MET 2101), General Meteorology (MET 2700), Introduction to Atmospheric Dynamics (MET 3300), Principles of Oceanography (OCE 4008), and Basic Physical Oceanography (OCP 5050). No physics, chemistry, meteorology, oceanography, computer science, or math course with a grade below "C–" may be used to satisfy the above requirements.

Students majoring in Interdisciplinary Physics with FSU-Teach must select the FSU-Teach major in the College of Education as their second major. In addition, they must take Introduction to Astrophysics (AST 4211), Calculus with Analytic Geometry III (MAC 2313 - satisfies the math minor requirement), Advanced Laboratory (PHY 4822L), Phenomena in Condensed Matter Physics (PHZ 3400), and Particle and Nuclear Physics (PHZ 4390).

A student who has received more than five unsatisfactory grades (U, F, D–, D, D+) in courses required for a major offered by the Department of Physics at Florida State University or elsewhere, whether repeated or not, will not be permitted to graduate with a degree in that major. In addition to the above requirements, students must satisfy the general requirements of both the College of Arts and Sciences and the University.

The required mathematics for all physics programs is sufficient to constitute an acceptable minor in mathematics, but a student who so desires may take an additional approved minor.

To obtain a minor in physics, a student is required to take General Physics A (PHY 2048C), General Physics B (PHY 2049C), and at least one of the following courses: Intermediate Modern Physics (PHY 3101), Intermediate Mechanics (PHY 3221), Optics (PHY 3424) or Thermal and Statistical Physics (PHY 4513), and Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism (PHY 4323). Grades below "C–" will not be accepted for a minor.

The Physics Department offers a minor in Biomedical Physics designed for students preparing for graduate studies in the biological sciences, for medical school, or for medical professions such as physical therapy. Students are required to take either General Physics A and B (PHY 2048C and PHY2049C) or College Physics A and B (PHY 2053C and PHY 2054C), and Biomedical Physics I and II (PHZ 4702 and PHZ 4703).

The Department of Physics offers a program in Honors in the Major to encourage talented juniors and seniors to undertake independent research as part of the undergraduate experience. For requirements and other information, see the "University Honors Office and Honor Societies" chapter of this General Bulletin.

For those interested in teaching physics, FSU-Teach is an innovative approach to teacher education that involves a collaboration between scientists, mathematicians, and education faculty at The Florida State University. In FSU-Teach, students will develop deep science or mathematics knowledge and the knowledge, skill, and experience needed to be an effective science or math teacher. The program will pay for tuition for the first two courses, and work study positions with scientists, mathematicians, and local schools are available. For more information, see the Web site: FSU-Teach.fsu.edu.

AST—Astronomy

PHY—Physics

PHZ—Physics: Continued

PSC—Physical Sciences

Courses for Non-Science Majors

AST 1002. Planets, Stars, and Galaxies (3). Introductory astronomy. Basic astronomical concepts; gravitation and other cosmic forces; planets, moons, and other components of the solar system; nature and evolution of the sun and of other stars; structure of galaxies and of the universe as a whole. (Astronomy for liberal studies.)

AST 1002L. Introductory Astronomy Laboratory (1). Corequisite: AST 1002. Elective laboratory to accompany AST 1002. One period per week for two (2) hours. Experiments, measurements, and observations of planetary, stellar, galactic, and extragalactic astronomy. (Astronomy laboratory for liberal studies.)

AST 3033. Recent Advances in Astronomy and Cosmology (3). Prerequisites: AST 1002 and basic math requirements or instructor permission. Modern concepts and recent discoveries such as black holes, quasars, and the Big Bang.

PHY 1020. Fundamentals of Physics (3). A liberal studies course for non-science majors with a minimum of mathematics. Survey of light, mechanics, electricity, and magnetism and an introduction to atomic, nuclear, and subnuclear physics with emphasis on how the physicist approaches the problem of describing nature. A qualitative, descriptive approach is used. Cannot be taken for credit by students who already have credit in PHY 2048C, 2053C, or equivalent.

PHY 1020L. Fundamentals of Physics Laboratory (1). Corequisite: PHY 1020. Elective laboratory to accompany PHY 1020. One period per week for two (2) hours. Experiments in mechanics, optics, electricity, and magnetism. (Liberal studies laboratory.)

PHY 1075C. Physics of Light and Sound (4). A liberal studies course for non-science majors emphasizing learning the aspects of light and sound needed in recording images and sound. It includes analysis of color, waves, reflection, refraction, imaging, diffraction, spectra, sound levels and perception, and signal processing.

Courses for Non-Physical Science Majors

PHY 2053C. College Physics A (4). Prerequisites: MAC 1114 and MAC 1140 with grades of "C–" or better or suitable mathematics examination placement score. Corequisite: PHY 2053L. An introduction to mechanics, heat, and waves for non-physical-science majors. Examples from biology, geology, and medicine are incorporated. First course in a two-semester sequence. Calculus not required. Two lectures, one recitation, and one laboratory each week. Students who have previously received credit for PHY 2048C may not register for PHY 2053C.

PHY 2053L. College Physics A Laboratory (0).

PHY 2054C. College Physics B (4). Prerequisite: PHY 2053C or PHY 2048C. Corequisite: PHY 2054L. An introduction to electromagnetism, light, and modern physics for non-physical science majors. Two lectures, one recitation, and one laboratory each week. Students who have previously received credit for PHY 2049C may not register for PHY 2054C.

PHY 2054L. College Physics B Laboratory (0).

PHZ 4702. Biomedical Physics I (3). Prerequisites: PHY 2053C and PHY 2054C or PHY 2048C and PHY 2049C. This is the first in a series of two introductory courses on the applications of physics in biology and medicine. The course discusses applications of classical mechanics, hydrodynamics, and thermodynamics to motion, to the structure of the musculoskeletal, respiratory, and circulatory systems, as well as to the biology of the cell. The course is intended for students preparing for graduate studies in the biological sciences, for medical school, or for medical professions such as physical therapy and nursing.

PHZ 4703. Biomedical Physics II (3). Prerequisites: PHY 2053C and PHY 2054C or PHY 2048C and PHY 2049C. This is the second in a series of two introductory courses on the applications of electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics to the nervous system, to vision, to modern topics in biomolecular research, as well as to microscopy and to modern biomedical imaging techniques. The course is intended for students preparing for graduate studies in the biological sciences, for medical school, or for medical professions such as physical therapy and nursing.

Physics for K–12 Educators

PSC 2801C. Physical Science for EC/EE Teachers (4). This course is designed for prospective elementary and early childhood education majors. The course combines physics and chemistry and the laboratory is integral to the course. Students will work in groups in a hands-on, minds-on approach to learning physical science.

General Physics for Physical Science Majors

PHY 2048C. General Physics A (5). Corequisites: MAC 2311 and PHY 2048L. An introduction to mechanics, waves, and thermodynamics for physical science majors, designed to be taken as a sequence with PHY 2049C. Calculus is used. Course consists of lectures, recitations, and laboratory. A student who has taken PHY 2053C or an equivalent course with comparable laboratory component may take PHY 2048 rather than 2048C.

PHY 2048L. General Physics A Laboratory (0).

PHY 2049C. General Physics B (5). Prerequisite: PHY 2048 or PHY 2048C with a grade of "C–" or better. Corequisites: MAC 2312 and PHY 2049L.An introduction to electricity, magnetism, and optics for physical science majors. Calculus is used. Course consists of lectures, recitations, and laboratory. A student who has taken PHY 2054C or an equivalent course with comparable laboratory component may take PHY 2049 rather than 2049C.

PHY 2049L. General Physics B Laboratory (0).

Courses for Majors

AST 3721L. Astrophysics Laboratory (1). Prerequisite: PHY 3101.This course offers an introduction to experimental methodology, data analysis and interpretation, calibration techniques, scientific model validation, as well as data presentation and communication of results. The laboratory experiments have astrophysical relevance and include magnetic fields, optical interference and diffraction, wave polarization, line spectroscopy, photoelectric effect, and radioactive decay.

AST 4211. Introduction to Astrophysics (3). Prerequisites: MAC 2312 and PHY 2049C; majors only. This introductory course covers key aspects and concepts of modern astronomy and astrophysics, including coordinate systems, instrumentation, our sun and planets, stars and stellar evolution, binary systems and variable stars, stellar explosions, as well as galaxies and the evolution of the universe.

AST 4414. Cosmology and Structure Formation (3). Prerequisites: AST 4211 and PHY 3101. This course covers the evolution of the universe from the "Hot Big Bang" to the current epoch. Topics include cosmological expansion, the Hubble constant and other cosmological parameters, the microwave-background radiation, early universe nucleosynthesis, the growth of large-scale structure, the "dark ages" and the re-ionization of the universe, the horizon and other fine-tuning problems, distance determinations, redshift surveys, inflation, cosmological acceleration, as well as dark matter and dark energy.

AST 4419. Extragalactic Astronomy (3). Prerequisite: AST 4211. This course offers a survey of the physics and phenomenology of galaxies and galaxy structures. Topics include stellar populations, classifications systems, interstellar and intergalactic material, chemical abundances and evolution, galaxy formation, structure, dynamics and evolution, extragalactic distance determination, interacting systems, as well as active galactic nuclei.

AST 4722. Observational Techniques in Astrophysics (3). Prerequisite: AST 4211. This course covers principles and techniques used in obtaining modern astronomical data. Includes an overview of current and next-generation astronomical instrumentation, discussion of calibration schemes and observing strategies, and an introduction to analysis techniques.

PHY 1090r. Discovering Physics (1). (S/U grade only.) This course serves as an introduction to the exciting work currently being done by physicists. Topics include the physics and the day-to-day work done to answer questions in astrophysics, elementary particle physics, nuclear physics, and condensed matter physics. May be repeated to a maximum of two (2) semester hours.

PHY 3091. Communication in Physics (2). Prerequisite: PHY 2048C. Corequisite: PHY 2049C. Instruction and practice in oral communications for physicists. Students will choose physics topics in consultation with instructor and present them to the class.

PHY 3101. Intermediate Modern Physics (3). Prerequisite: PHY 2049C. Special relativity, quantum properties of light and matter, origins of the universe.

PHY 3221. Intermediate Mechanics (3). Prerequisite: PHY 2048C. Corequisite: MAP 2302 or MAP 3305. Principles and applications of the Newtonian mechanics of particles and systems of particles. Noninertial reference frames, simple and damped harmonic motion, central force motion, motion of a rigid body in a plane.

PHY 3424.  Optics (3). Prerequisite: PHY 2049C. Geometrical optics, wave optics, optical instrumentation, properties of light, lasers, fiber optics.

PHY 3802L. Intermediate Laboratory A (1). Corequisite: PHY 3101. Experiments in optics, modern physics, and electricity and magnetism. The emphasis is on the development of experimental technique, assessment of the validity of experimental data, and the development of skill in the written presentation of results.

PHY 3803L. Intermediate Laboratory B (1). Prerequisite: PHY 3802L. Experiments in atomic spectroscopy, mechanics, radio-frequency and microwave measurements, vacuum technique, and data accumulation with microprocessors. The area of emphasis is arranged between the student and the instructor.

PHY 4241. Advanced Dynamics (3). Prerequisites: PHY 3221 and PHY 4323. This course examines a variety of topics including Hamiltonian dynamics and electrodynamics of particles, waves in continuous media, relativistic dynamics, and electrodynamics of particles.

PHY 4323. Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism (3). Prerequisites: PHY 2049C and PHZ 3113. Electrostatics, magnetostatics, time-varying electric and magnetic fields, Maxwell's equations.

PHY 4513. Thermal and Statistical Physics (3). Prerequisite: MAC 2313. Corequisite: PHY 3101. The fundamental laws of thermodynamics and their application to simple systems. The kinetic theory of an ideal gas. An introduction to the classical and quantum statistical mechanics of weakly interacting systems.

PHY 4604. Quantum Theory of Matter A (3). Prerequisites: PHZ 3113 and PHY 3101. Quantum mechanics and its applications to particles, nuclei, atoms, molecules, and condensed matter.

PHY 4605. Quantum Theory of Matter B (3). Prerequisite: PHY 4604. Quantum mechanics and its applications to particles, nuclei, atoms, molecules, and condensed matter.

PHY 4822Lr. Advanced Laboratory (2). Prerequisite: PHY 3802L. Experiments in atomic physics, nuclear physics, and other areas of modern physics. Students are expected to work without detailed instructions. The course may be repeated to a maximum of six (6) semester hours for special projects arranged in advance between the student and the instructor.

PHZ 3400. Phenomena in Condensed Matter Physics (3). Prerequisites: MAP 2302 or MAP 3305 and PHY 3101. Topics covered in this course include crystal structures, phonons and thermal properties, electron energy bands, metals, semiconductors, superconductors, and magnetism.

PHZ 4151C. Computational Physics Laboratory (3). Prerequisites: MAP 3305 and PHY 2049C. An introduction to the use of computers to solve computationally intensive problems, including basic instruction in physics problem solving using numerical solutions of differential equations, numerical integration, Monte Carlo methods, linear algebra, and symbolic algebra. Provides instruction in computational techniques and software development skills and practice in using network and software development tools including telnet, ftp, spreadsheets, databases, code management tools, and the World Wide Web. Satisfies the University computer competency requirement.

PHZ 4316. Nuclear Astrophysics (3). Prerequisite: AST 4211. Corequisite: PHY 4604. This course offers an introduction to the role of nuclear reactions and decays in astrophysics. Topics cover the origin of elements in the context of Big Bang, major burning stages in the life of a star, stellar explosions, and processes in interstellar matter.

PHZ 4390. Particle and Nuclear Physics (3). Prerequisites: MAP 2302 or MAP 3305, PHY 3101, or instructor permission. This course examines the properties of nuclei and particles, nuclear and particle decays, the Standard Model, and accelerator and detector techniques.

PHZ 4601. Special and General Relativity (3). Prerequisite: PHY 3221. Corequisite: PHY 4323. This course examines special theory of relativity, tensor analysis and curvature, general theory of relativity, experimental tests, black holes, gravitational radiation, and cosmology.

Research and Special Topics

AST 4218r. Astrophysics Seminar (1). Prerequisite: AST 4211. This seminar introduces students to current research topics in astronomy and astrophysics through presentation and discussion of recently published research papers, their own research work, and occasional review publications. Topics cover observational and theoretical astrophysics alike. May be repeated to a maximum of two (2) semester hours.

PHY 3936r. Special Topics in Physics (1–3). (S/U grade only.) May be repeated to a maximum of twelve (12) semester hours.

PHY 3949r. Cooperative Work Experience (0). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 4905r. Directed Individual Study (1–3). May be repeated to a maximum of eighteen (18) semester hours.

PHY 4910r. Research Participation (2). Projects in theoretical or experimental physics arranged in advance between the student and a member of the teaching faculty of the physics department. May be repeated to a maximum of eight (8) semester hours.

PHY 4936r. Special Topics in Physics (1–3). Prerequisite: Senior standing or instructor permission. Advanced applications of physics to topics of interest, such as relativity, astrophysics, particle physics, advanced solid state physics, or advanced nuclear physics. Offered on demand. May be repeated to a maximum of twelve (12) semester hours.

PHY 4937r. Undergraduate Tutorial in Physics (1–3). (S/U grade only.) Prerequisite: Upper-division undergraduate standing. Selected topics in modern physics. Examination of primary research literature. May be repeated to a maximum of fifteen (15) semester hours. A maximum of eight (8) students allowed in each tutorial.

PHY 4970r. Honors Work (1–6). May be repeated to a maximum of nine (9) semester hours.

PHY 4975. Senior Thesis (1). Prerequisite and corequisite: PHY 4910. A written report and an oral presentation discussing research work done under PHY 4910. The grade is assigned by a committee of three faculty members.

PHY 4990r. Senior Seminar (1). Prerequisite: PHY 3101. Corequisites: PHY 3091 and PHY 4910r. Students present results of their physics research to the class for discussion. May be repeated to a maximum of two (2) semester hours.

AST 5210. Introduction to Astrophysics (3).

AST 5219r. Astrophysics Seminar (3).

AST 5245. Radiative Processes in Astronomy (3).

AST 5416. Cosmology and Structure Formation (3).

AST 5418. Extragalactic Astronomy (3).

AST 5725. Observational Techniques in Astrophysics (3).

AST 5760. Computational Astrophysics (3).

AST 5765. Advanced Analysis Techniques in Astronomy (3).

PHY 5157. Advanced Numerical Applications in Physics (3).

PHY 5226. Intermediate Mechanics (3).

PHY 5227. Advanced Mechanics (3).

PHY 5246. Theoretical Dynamics (3).

PHY 5326. Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism (3).

PHY 5346. Electrodynamics A (3).

PHY 5347. Electrodynamics B (3).

PHY 5430. Physics of Materials (3).

PHY 5515. Thermal and Statistical Physics (3).

PHY 5524. Statistical Mechanics (3).

PHY 5607r. Quantum Theory of Matter (3).

PHY 5608r. Quantum Theory of Matter (3).

PHY 5645. Quantum Mechanics A (3).

PHY 5646. Quantum Mechanics B (3).

PHY 5657. Group Theory and Angular Momentum (3).

PHY 5667. Quantum Field Theory (3).

PHY 5669. Quantum Field Theory B (3).

PHY 5670. Quantum Mechanics C (3).

PHY 5904r. Directed Individual Study (3).

PHY 5909r. Directed Individual Study (1–12). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 5918r. Supervised Research (1–5). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 5920r. Colloquium (1). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 5930. Introductory Seminar on Research (1). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 5940r. Supervised Teaching (0–5). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 6935r. Advanced Seminar (1). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 6937r. Selected Topics in Physics (1–3).

PHY 6938r. Special Topics in Physics (3). (S/U grade only.)

PHY 6941r. Graduate Tutorial in Physics (1–3). (S/U grade only.)

PHZ 5315. Nuclear Astrophysics (3).

PHZ 5156C. Computational Physics Laboratory (3).

PHZ 5305. Nuclear Physics I (3).

PHZ 5307. Nuclear Physics II (3).

PHZ 5354. High-Energy Physics I (3).

PHZ 5355. High-Energy Physics II (3).

PHZ 5491. Condensed Matter Physics I (3).

PHZ 5492. Condensed Matter Physics II (3).

PHZ 5606. Special and General Relativity (3).

PHZ 5715. Biophysics I (3).

PHZ 5716. Biophysics II (3).

For listings relating to graduate course work for thesis, dissertation, and master's and doctoral examinations and defense, consult the Graduate Bulletin.